intermediate~7h

Recommendation System Components

Foundational building blocks reused across recommendation and ranking systems: candidate generation (two-tower models, collaborative filtering), scoring and ranking (learning-to-rank, cross-features), and re-ranking with position bias correction, calibration, and exploration-vs-exploitation. Grounded in Khang Pham's ML Primer and Recommendation System Components chapters.

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📚 Prerequisites(3)

🎓 Learning objectives

  • Describe the three-stage recommendation pipeline (candidate generation → ranking → re-ranking) and what each stage optimizes for
  • Explain how a two-tower model works and why it enables fast candidate retrieval at scale
  • Distinguish collaborative filtering from content-based filtering and identify when each is appropriate
  • Describe the features used in a learning-to-rank model and how pointwise, pairwise, and listwise loss functions differ
  • Explain position bias and describe two methods for debiasing training data
  • Define calibration in the context of click-through rate (CTR) prediction and explain why miscalibrated scores cause poor decisions
  • Compare greedy exploitation vs. exploration strategies (epsilon-greedy, UCB, Thompson sampling) and their trade-offs

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📂 Subtopics

Related concepts

two-tower modelcollaborative filteringcontent-based filteringmatrix factorizationlearning-to-rankNDCGposition biasinverse propensity scoringcalibrationepsilon-greedyUCBThompson samplingMMRcold startFAISSANNcross featuresWide & Deepfeature store

Next to learn

ai-system-architecture-patternsembedding-model-finetuningeval-metrics-fundamentals