advancedURL Shortener Variants47 of 132

HLD: URL shortener, with deep dives into multi-region architecture and ID generation

Tests whether you pick a decentralized ID scheme (pre-allocated ranges per region or Snowflake-style IDs) to avoid a single global counter becoming a cross-region bottleneck and conflict source.

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Generate a complete, structured system design answer — requirements, capacity estimation, API design, architecture, database choice, scaling, caching, fault tolerance, security, trade-offs, and more, walked through the way a strong senior engineer would in a real interview.

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