intermediateJava 8 & Streams177 of 436
Using Streams, find duplicate elements, the frequency of each element, and the second-highest value (for example, second-highest salary).
Tests whether you reach for Collectors.groupingBy(Function.identity(), Collectors.counting()) for frequency/duplicates, and sorted().distinct().skip(n-1).findFirst() (or a bounded approach) for the nth-highest, rather than sorting the whole dataset unnecessarily.
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