Data Augmentation and Synthetic Generation

~40 min read

Expanding limited training data with paraphrases, back-translation, and LLM-generated synthetic examples.

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Key points

  • Self-Instruct pattern can generate thousands of instruction-tuning examples from ~175 seeds for ~$500 in API costs
  • Model collapse: a model fine-tuned only on synthetic data cannot exceed the quality of the generating model
  • Cap synthetic data at 30-40% of your total training set; use it to fill gaps, not replace real human-generated data