Hierarchical Pattern (the "Supervisor" Pattern): One Orchestrator, Many Workers

~12 min read

A top-level planner agent delegates subtasks to workers, tracks their progress, and makes the final calls — exactly like a manager and their team. The book calls this 'Hierarchical'; it's commonly also called the Supervisor pattern.

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Key points

  • A top-level planner/manager agent delegates subtasks to workers, tracks progress, and makes final calls — 'exactly like a manager and their team'
  • The book calls this 'Hierarchical'; it's also commonly known as the 'Supervisor' pattern — same architecture, different name
  • Functionally the same as Level 4 (Multi-agent pattern) in the 5 levels of agentic AI, described from the pattern-taxonomy angle
  • Unlike Sequential's fixed order or Parallel's fixed split, the manager adapts delegation based on what earlier workers actually returned
  • Trade-off: the manager becomes a bottleneck and single point of failure, and every delegation decision costs an extra LLM call